LIMA Fish Feed Machine,Chicken Feed Machine
Vitamin K (VIT K) is also known as coagulous vitamins, and is a general term for 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and its derivative, including Vit K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5, and the like. Where VIT K1 and K2 have naturally occurring, it can also be synthesized; VIT K3 and K4 can only be synthesized by manual synthesis. VIT K is an important feed additive that is important in the feed area. EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Service Animal Husbandry
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Vit K is also known as leaf-green, which is a yellow viscous oil, which is widely present in the liver of green plants and animals. Vit K1 is involved in the synthesis of intrahepatic thrombin, can be treated to treat obstructive jaundice, truth, and new livestock hemorrhage. Vit K2 is a polyene compound of isopentially diene, is pale yellow. The first two are fat-soluble, stable heat, susceptible to base, ethanol, and light, need to be protected from light. Vit K3 and Vit K4 were water-soluble, and Vit K3 used in clinical is Vit K3 and sodium hydrogen sodium hydrogen sodium hydrogen sulfite mdash; mdash; sodium hydrogen sulfite. The latter is a white crystal, easy to absorb tide, soluble in ethanol, almost insoluble in benzene and ether. Vit K4 is a diacethane quinone in Vit K3 and two molecular acetic acids; there is also a literature that 4-imino-2-methylnaphthalene Vit k4. Vit K3, Vit K4 is stable in Vit K1, Vit K2. The Vit K3 has a special irritating odor, the same is the same as Vit K1, but the Vit K3 is irritating to the mucous membrane, so it is often used with the addition of sodium bisulfite. Vit K4 is a white or pale yellow crystalline powder, and the activity is 3 to 4 times the Vit K1, and after an in vivo, two acetyl is oxidized into Vit K2.
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Adult livestock and poultry generally rarely appear VIT K lack of bleeding, but porn occasion occasional intestinal mucosa bleeding or oral bleeding . Fish due to the mechanism of synthesizing VIT K in the intestines, so long-term feeding Vit K deficiency feed can cause blood spots in the eye, eye or blood vessels. In addition, the antibiotics, anti-PC, sulfonadia drugs or feeding molds are also prone to the deficient of VIT K.
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EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Bit Feed, Service Animal husbandry 2.1 VIT K original synthesis EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network -Face, serving animal husbandry
1-methyl-1,4-naphthalevone (2-MNQ) is an important precondency of chemical synthesis of VIT K, and thus is called Vit K. Industrial production often uses 2-methyl naphthalene or 2-methyl-1-naphthol as a raw material, and the oxidation or anodizing synthesis is administered via air. 2-methyl-1-naphthol can be synthesized by 1-naphthol and methanol at 280 to 300 ¡ã C. The preparation method of 2-MNQ is mainly based on liquid phase oxidation, i.e., in acidic media, potassium or naphthalene, oxidation 2-methylnaphthalene, is prepared in acidic media. 2-MNQ. However, in this process, since 2-methyl naphthalene is insoluble in water, the reaction can only be carried out on the two-phase interface, the process is slow, the product yield is low; the yield produced by the oxidation is also easily contaminated with an ecological environment.
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
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Vit K3 acetylation and then condensed with chlorol alcohol to vit K1; leaf green alcohol can be extracted from silkworm. EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Service Animal Husbandry
In 1958, ISLER et al. First chemically synthesized Vit K2, but the yield was low. In 1994, Hamamura et al. Applied for patents for the production of VIT K2 in the formation method of methylene-cyclopentadiene. This method is simple and easy, the yield is high, no existence reagents and metal catalysts, alkylation of alkaline conditions, 100% reserved side chain bond stereoscopic configuration; synthetic process no anti-oxidation reaction, metalymea It can be kept until the end; the adjuvant cyclopentadiene is easy to recover. At room temperature, the reaction of the methanedamen and cyclopentadiene obtained the inner Diels-Alder addition colorless crystal, yield 93%. In the reaction, the hydrogen of the neutral non-acidic ethylin is converted to a keto group alpha; nanochemistry, alkali renovate proton, which is more likely to perform a monoalkylene reaction. Since the multi-unsaturated side chain does not change under alkaline alkylation reaction, the method is particularly suitable for synthesizing VIT K2 in a high yield. Thereafter, the method has been improved, and the corresponding product is obtained by obtaining the corresponding product under the same reaction conditions, the yield is 80% to 90%, and Vit K2 can be obtained by reversing the Diels-Alder.
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
Vit K3 is the most commonly used feed additive. Traditional VIT K3 chemical synthesis processes have the following two routes: (1) oxidation of 2-methylhthalene by chromic acid or chromic anhydride: 2-mNQ by chromic acid or chromic anhydride oxidation 2-Mn, and then Vit K3 can be obtained by adding sodium hydrogen sodium hydrogen, and the yield of the method can reach 51%; (2) toluene and benzene epidate after chromic acid oxidation vit K3: add toluene The ice acetic acid is dissolved, and a quantity of butadiene is formed at 20 ¡ã C, and after sealing 22 h, heating the remaining butadiene essences, continues to heat the flow of about 110 ¡ã C for about 3 h, and then distilled with reduced pressure. The acetic acid was recovered, then cooled to 40 ¡ã C, slowly added a mixture of chromic acid and isometric water, allowed to maintain the temperature at 65 to 70 ¡ã C, heated, 1 h at 70 ~ 80 ¡ã C, i.e., 2-MNQ, filtration, wash To the acid-free acid, Vit K3 was obtained, and then the Vit K3 application was added to sodium hydrogen sulfite.
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Service Animal Husbandry
2-MNQ is reduced to zinc powder in the presence of zinc powder to 2-methyl 1,4-naphthol, and then chemically acetylated under acetate, then reflow 2 h at 138 to 142 ¡ã C. Get crude Vit K4. The method is simple to synthesize, with a recovery rate of 70% to 74%. In addition, Vit K3 and acetic acid can also produce Vit K4. EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Service Animal Husbandry
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based Current animal husbandry
At present, VIT K mainly produces chemical synthesis method, has not yet been reported by biological law. Since the former is easy to cause environmental pollution, it has extensive prospects for the study and attempts to produce VIT K (such as microbial fermentation). VIT K itself is the metabolite of certain intestinal bacteria, so the microbial fermentation method produces VIT K with certain feasibility, and in the future, this aspect can be carried out.
EMZ China Feed Industry Information Network – Based on Feed, Serving Animal Husbandry
